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HIV infection incidence trends in Lithuania in 2004-2007
S. Caplinskas, O. Strujeva, I. Caplinskiene
Lithuanian AIDS Center, Vilnius, Lithuania
Background: HIV epidemic growth rates and major risk factors for HIV transmission have been changing over time in Lithuania. Objective - to assess the trends of HIV transmission during the last five years (2004-2008).
Methods: HIV epidemic review was based on retrospective analysis of the national HIV surveillance database. Statistical data analysis was performed by application of the statistical EPI Info 2002 package
Results: In 1988-2008 there were totally 1401 HIV cases identified including 1183 male and 218 female. Trends of new HIV cases by gender: in the last five years share of female cases has increased, and that of male - declined: male/female cases ratio was 1/5 in 2004 and ½ in 2008.By transmission mode: number of new HIV cases acquired through injection drug use is declining (in 2004 - 77.8% were drug users, in 2008 - 44.2%). Number of person infected via heterosexually has increased - respectively from 17.8% (2004) up to 27.4% (2008), the same is observed in homosexual infection way - from 3% in 2004 up to 9.5% in 2008.By age: mean age of people on the moment of HIV diagnosis has increased from 31 (2004) up to 35 (2008).HIV incidence rate in Lithuania is stable accounting for 3.93/100 000 population in 2004, and for 2.82/100 000 population in 2008.Number of annual AIDS cases has doubled: 21 AIDS cases were reported in 2004, and 55 in 2008. The prevalent AIDS indicatory illness is pulmonary tuberculosis.
Conclusions: HIV incidence rate in Lithuania is stable; number of AIDS cases has increased. HIV infection goes over to the new transmission stage: feminisation of HIV infection is observed, in the last five years the number of sexual virus transmission cases has increased and HIV spread in IDUs community has stabilised.
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