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Epidemiology of HIV infection and AIDS in migrant communities and in the European Union: feminisation of the epidemic in people from Sub-Saharan Africa
J. Del Amo1, S. Pérez-Cachafeiro2, G. Likatavicius3, T. Noori3, V. Hernando2, C. Gonzalez4, I. Jarrin4, F. Hamers5, F. Bolumar6
1Instituto Salud Carlos III, National Center Epidemiology, Madrid, Spain, 2Instituto de Salud Carlos III, National Center Epidemiology, Madrid, Spain, 3ECDC, Suerveillance Unit, Stockholm, Sweden, 4Instituto salid Carlos III, National Center Epidemiology, Madrid, Spain, 5Direction de l'Evaluation Médicale, Economique et de Santé Publique, Direction de l'Evaluation Médicale, Economique et de Santé Publique, Paris, France, 6Universidad Alcala, Departamento Salud Publica, Madrid, Spain
Background: To describe epidemiology of HIV infection in migrant communities in the 27 European Union (EU) countries + Norway, Lichtenstein and Iceland 1999-2006.
Methods: Surveillance data collated by former EuroHIV were analysed according to geographical origin (GO), stratifying by sex and transmission category. Migrants were defined as people whose GO was different to reporting country. Most common origins were classified as native, West Europe (WE), East Europe (EE) ,Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), North Africa & Middle East (NAME) Caribbean (CB), Latin America (LA).
Results: Of 75 021 AIDS cases reported over 1999-2006, 35% were migrants (31% in males, 46% in females), with large country variations. Of 2988 heterosexual AIDS cases reported in 2006, 50% were migrants, largely from SSA. 20% of 1404 AIDS cases in men who have sex with men (MSM) were migrants, from LA and WE. Of 57 Mother to child transmission (MTCT) AIDS cases with known GO, 23% were from SSA. AIDS cases from 1990-2006 decreased in natives (by 42%), WE (40%) and NAME (by 34%) but increased in people from SSA (by 89%), EE (by 200%) and LA (50%). 17 646 HIV infections in men and 9066 in females were reported 2006; of which 49% and 76% were migrants, the commonest GO SSA. In 2006, there were 3145 HIV reports in women from SSA and 2216 in native women; 1901 HIV reports in men from SSA and 8979 in native men. Of 169 MTCT HIV infections with known GO, 41% were from SSA. 4902 male reports and 2910 female reports had no known GO.
Discussion: Migrants, largely from SSA, represent a considerable proportion of AIDS and HIV reports in EU especially among heterosexually and MTCT infections. Their contribution is higher among female reports. A substantial percentage of diagnoses in MSM are migrants, largely from WE and LA&CB.
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