Drivers of Acquisition TUAC2
Please enter your email :
Type:
Oral Abstract Session Back
Venue: Session Room 4
Time: 16:30 - 18:00, 21.07.2009
Code: TUAC2
Chairs: Elizabeth Anne Bukusi, Kenya
Sheena McCormack, United Kingdom
Session recording provided by International AIDS Society



Presentations in this session:

16:30
TUAC201
Abstract
Powerpoint		Herpes simplex type 2 (HSV-2) is associated with HIV acquisition among both placebo and vaccine recipients in the STEP trial of the Merck Adenovirus 5 (MRKAd5) HIV-1 vaccine
Presented by Ruanne Barnabas, United States
R. Barnabas1, Y. Huang2, H. Janes2, R. Morrow3, J. Fuchs4, K. Mark5, M. Casapia6, D. Mehrotra7, S. Buchbinder4, L. Corey1,3, J. Wasserheit1,8, NIAID HIV Vaccine Trials Network
1Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Institute, Seattle, United States, 2Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention, Seattle, United States, 3University of Washington, Laboratory Medicine, Seattle, United States, 4San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, United States, 5University of Washington, Division of Infectious Diseases, Seattle, United States, 6Asociación Civil Selva Amazónica, Iquitos, Peru, 7Merck Research Laboratories, North Wales, United States, 8University of Washington, Department of Global Health, Seattle, United States

16:45
TUAC202
Abstract		Is genital human papillomavirus infection associated with HIV incidence?
Presented by Bertran Auvert, France
B. Auvert1,2, P. Lissouba1, E. Cutler3, K. Zarca1, A. Puren3, D. Taljaard4
1INSERM U687, Villejuif, France, 2University of Versailles, Versailles, France, 3NICD, Johannesburg, South Africa, 4Progressus, Johannesburg, South Africa

17:00
TUAC203
Abstract
Powerpoint		Integrity of mucosal epithelial barrier functions is breached by exposure to HIV-1
Presented by Aisha Nazli, Canada
A. Nazli, O. Chan, C. Kaushic
McMaster University, Pathology and Mol. Medicine, Hamilton, Canada

17:15
TUAC204
Abstract
Powerpoint		Association between intravaginal practices and HIV acquisition in women: individual patient data meta-analysis of cohort studies in sub-Saharan Africa
Presented by Matthew Francis Chersich, South Africa
M.F. Chersich1,2, A. Martin Hilber3, K. Schmidlin3, M. Egger3, S. Francis4, J. Baeten5, J. Brown6, S. Delany-Moretlwe1, R. Hayes4, R. Kaul7, S. Luchters8, N. McGrath4,9, L. Myer10, H. Rees1, M. Temmerman8, A. Van der Straten11, J. Van de Wijgert12, D. Watson-Jones4, M. Zwahlen3, N. Low3
1Reproductive Health and HIV Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Johannesburg, South Africa, 2International Centre for Reproductive Health, Mombasa, Kenya, 3Institute of Social & Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland, 4London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, 5University of Washington, Departments of Global Health and Medicine, Seattle, United States, 6University of North Carolina, North Carolina, United States, 7University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, 8International Centre for Reproductive Health, Gent, Belgium, 9Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, 10University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, 11Women's Global Health Imperative, UCSF, RTI International and Department of Medicine, California, United States, 12Center for Poverty-related Communicable Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands

17:30
TUAC205
Abstract
Powerpoint		Intrinsic anti-HIV activity in cervical-vaginal secretions from HIV positive and HIV negative women
Presented by Mimi Ghosh, United States
M. Ghosh1, Z. Shen1, J. Fahey1, P. Wright2, S. Cu-Uvin3, K. Mayer4, C. Wira1
1Dartmouth Medical School, Physiology, Lebanon, United States, 2Dartmouth Medical School, Pediatrics, Lebanon, United States, 3Brown University, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Providence, United States, 4Brown University, Medicine and Community Health, Lebanon, United States

Powerpoints presentations
Herpes simplex type 2 (HSV-2) is associated with HIV acquisition among both placebo and vaccine recipients in the STEP trial of the Merck Adenovirus 5 (MRKAd5) HIV-1 vaccine - Barnabas


Integrity of mucosal epithelial barrier functions is breached by exposure to HIV-1 - Nazli

Association between intravaginal practices and HIV acquisition in women: individual patient data meta-analysis of cohort studies in sub-Saharan Africa - Chersich

Intrinsic anti-HIV activity in cervical-vaginal secretions from HIV positive and HIV negative women - Ghosh



Rapporteur report

Track C report by Sinead Delany-Moretlwe


A secondary analysis of data from 1,836 men who participated in the multi-centre STEP trial of the MRKAd5 vaccine showed that prior HSV-2 infection increased the risk of HIV acquisition two-fold in this population after controlling for sexual behaviour and other factors. There was no evidence of interaction between HSV-2 status and the vaccine. A further analysis of 88 seroconverters in the study showed that HSV was not associated with an increase in plasma viral or with time to ART initiation. A study in 1,683 men from the male circumcision trial in South Africa showed that high-risk HPV infection detected at study exit was associated with an almost four-fold increased risk of HIV acquisition in this population, after adjusting for sexual behaviour and circumcision status. Risk increased with increasing numbers of HPV types detected. There was no association between low-risk HPV and HIV acquisition. Further research is needed to better understand whether this observed association is causal. An individual patient data meta-analysis of 16,307 women who participated in 11 cohort studies in sub-Saharan Africa showed that intravaginal cleaning with soap was associated with an overall 20% increased risk for HIV acquisition in this population. While this effect was modest, the authors note that this practice is widespread and called for more standardised approaches to the measurement of vaginal practices in order to better understand the contribution to HIV. An in vitro study showed that exposure to HIV decreases the barrier function of the mucosal epithelium in the gut and female genital tract, and that this disruption is mediated by cytokines, primarily TNF-α. This increased permeability appears to be the direct result of envelope proteins rather than viral replication. These findings explain the observations of bacterial translocation during chronic HIV infection. A small study demonstrated the presence of several innate antimicrobial peptides in cervico-vaginal lavage samples collected from HIV infected women (n=47) and healthy controls (n=15). The study suggests that expression of these peptides is influenced by the menstrual cycle phase, and that levels of these peptides declined with advancing HIV disease.


   

   

    The organizers reserve the right to amend the programme.
Contact Us | Site map © 2009 International AIDS Society